Negative Sentences in the Present Perfect - Part 2

have / has + 3rd form

Something happened before now and matters now. We don't say when.

• I / you / we / they have: My parents have cleaned the house.
• he / she / it has: She has sent a birthday card.
• negative haven't / hasn't: Sally hasn't chosen a dress.
• question Have / Has …? Has he borrowed your pen?

3rd form: regular verbs + -ed (cleaned, visited), irregular verbs have their own (seen, flown, eaten, written).

Little words

• ever – at any time, in questions: Have you ever flown to Madrid?
• never – not at any time: He has never eaten frogs.
• just – a moment ago: I have just bought a new dress.
• already – sooner than expected: She has already seen this film.
• yet – at the end, in negatives and questions: Have you finished yet? I haven't finished yet.

since or for

• since + the starting point: since July, since 2002, since I was nine
• for + a length of time: for two months, for years, for a week

been to or gone to

• Ben has gone to the shop – he is there now.
• We have been to the cinema twice – we went and came back.